ODE ON SOLITUDE
Alexander Pope
The poet : Alexander Pope was born in the year 1688 and lived upto the age of 56 years. He died in the year 1744. Apart from being a poet he was also a critic and is remembered as a great Satirist. The Rape of the Lock, ‘ The Duncial ‘ and ‘ The great Satirist’. ‘The Rape of the Lovk’. ‘The Duncial ‘ and The Episttes are some of the examples of Alexander pope’s poetry which are recognized as one of the best satires amongst his Creations.
‘ Ode ‘ is a type of communication in perty which is usually referred to as a cloric song generally accompanied by dance. The term is presently used to refer to long, medicative lyrics poems that in dignified manner address a noble subject.
In the present poem ‘ Ode on Solitude ‘ the poet draws a beautiful pictures of a happy man. What are the fundamentals which can make a man happy.
Summary In English
The poet says that if a man is having some acres of land which had come from his parents , he would be considered a happy man as he can breathe in his own native land.
How will it happen ? The poet says that the person can keep his own cattle and cows in the ground and get good milk. His fields wall provide him with crop to manage his food and bread. The trees in the field will give him the necessary shades to pass summer with comforts. When winter comes, he can get fire woods from the trees. So the field will look after him for all his necessities of life .
So he can pass out his days, months and years without any concern. This will give him the peace of mind and he will be in good health throughout. He can enjoy sound sleep at night, can proceed with his studies well and can have good recreation. The place will give him good opportunity to go for meditation for peace of mind and energy.
The poet wishes to live alone and unnoticed till the time of his death. The world would not know about his death and when he is laid to rest , there would not be a single stone on his grave to identify the place he has been buried.
So this is how the poor wants to live his life, a life in solitude. The poet wishes to lead a noble life.
कविता का सारांश
कवि कहता है कि अगर किसी व्यक्ति के पास पैतृक संपत्ति के रूप में कोई एकड़ जमीन है तो वह खुशहाल माना जाएगा क्योंकि वह अपने जीवन की खुली हवा में सांस ले सकता है।
कवि फिर आगे अपनी इस मान्यता की व्याख्या करता है । कवि कहता है कि उस जमीन पर उसकी अपनी पशुशाला होगी जिससे वह दूध को अपनी आवश्यकता की पूर्ति कर सकता है । उस जमीन पर खेत लहर लाएंगे जिससे उसका पेट भरने के लिए रोटी मिलेगी ।भैड़ो एवं अन्य जानवरों के झुंड उसके कपड़े के लिये आवश्यक ऊन और तंतुज प्रदान करेंगे जिससे वह अपना तन ढँक सकेगा । गर्मि के मौसम का ताप सहने के लिए वृक्षों को छाया का आँचल उसे शीतलता प्रदान करेगा । जाड़े के दिनों के लिए वकीलों से मिलेगी जिसे जाकर सुख प्राप्त करेगा।
इस प्रकार वह अपने दिन,माह और वर्ष सुख से काट देगा।ये सारी स्थितियाँ उसे मांसिक शांति देगी और उसका स्वास्थ्य उत्तम रहेगा ।उसे रात को नींद ठीक से आएगी। उसका स्वास्थ्य ठीक -ठाक चलेगा और उसके पास मनोरंजन के साधन होंगे। यह स्थान उसे मासिक शांति और उर्जा प्रदान करेगा। चिंतन मनन और ध्यान हेतु यह संस्थान उत्तम होगा।
कवि अपने जीवन में एकांत की अभिलाषा करता है ताकि वह शांति से मर सके। उसकी मृत्यु की सूचना संसार को नहीं मिलेगी और जब उसे दफनाया जाएगा तो उसकी कब्र पर पहचान या समिति के रूप में कोई चिन्ह या पत्थर नहीं होगा। विश्व यह नहीं जान पाएगा कि उसे कहाँ मिट्टी के अंदर दफन किया गया है। इस प्रकार का भी एकाकी जीवन की अभिलाषा रखता है — एक एकांत और सम्भ्रांत जीवन उसके जीवन का लक्ष्य है।